The Paradise Papers Story coverage

Case study: News story coverage→The Paradise Papers...

More than 13 million leaked secret corporate files, about half of which belong to offshore law and corporate services provider Appleby, which has ten offices around the globe. There are also documents from corporate registries in 19 tax havens. These are mostly Caribbean and Atlantic islands such as Bermuda, Grenada and the Bahamas, but also include Malta, Lebanon, Labuan (an island territory in Malaysia), Samoa, Vanuatu, the Cook Island and the Marshall Island.

The German newspaper Suddeutsche Zeitung obtained the files and shared them with 95 other media organisations around the world. But the German newspaper is not going to share the information about the source that gave them the files, as it is against the editorial code to share information about your sources. 

The files involve taxes about multinational countries, wealthy individuals, heads of state, politicians ad sports star from around the world, including many from the UK.

On Monday 6th November, the main headlines covered leaked documents revealing the financial details of the super-rich. It outlined how many were allowed to keep money outside of the UK in order to avoid paying tax.

The Guardian- political, economical, formal language, left-wing, passive news, socialist ideology, the newspaper is challenging the Queen's morals→ Berliner broadsheet→information seekers→masthead→splash→copy- formal mode of address

News Value→ SOCIALIST, POLITICAL, ECONOMICAL, FORMAL LANGUAGE 
                              ↔ANALYSING
Ideology→ SOCIALIST →PRO-CAPITALIST→MAINSTREAMED 

 The Guardian spent a number of days publishing a series of articles focusing on this 'Paradise Papers' story. The yellow colour linked all these front covers together. → this may have been done to make it shocking to the audience, because it gives more weight to the story.
Free press→freedom of speech- news given from a source. They can publish what they want because they own the newspaper.
PUBLIC INTEREST? ACCOUNT MORALISTIC                    

The Guardian- The use of negative language is important→ 'controversial'→ 'exploiting'- making the poor look stupid and worthless. This newspaper is being critical about the Queen. This newspaper is also making the Queen look like as if she took advantage of the people in Britain. The Queen is supposed to help people in Britain, but the newspaper suggests that she is taking money from the people who do not have it (exploiting). Not everyone in Britain is going to agree with what the Queen has done (controversial). The newspaper is also challenging the Queens morals.
Uses and gratifications→ the Guardian's audience is mostly upper/middle class readers. They might start questioning what the Queen has being doing.
The guardian uses entertainment through gaining information. For the people who are reading the newspaper, it suggests that the readers find the information entertaining
The yellow signifies something urgent→ such as big news. Bright, pure yellow is an attention getter, it is seen more quick than other colours, the colour yellow is spontaneous and unstable colour, because it is eye catching.

Socialist point of view→ the view of what the Queen did is bad→ the  newspaper uses a range of negative language. "exploiting"→"controversial"
The newspaper is challenging how the rich have ways of not paying their taxes, even though they have a lot of money, this make the rich look bad because of their actions. Rich = 'accused'. 

The Daily Mail- 'dragged'→ defending the Queen→right wing ideology→making the Queen come out as a victim. The daily mail are defending the Queen and making her look innocent to the public which is because they are a right wing paper, so the target audience is people who are right wing. 

The audience are interested in 'soft news' so they are interested in celebrities. The newspaper is all linked to economics e.g. school girl worth '£5m' and Queen dragged into '£10m' tax scandal. The 13 year old actress on the front cover, is represented as a pretty young girl that is clearly popular as she is on the red carpet. Even though she is the youngest female on the page, she is represented as confident and independent.

 The Queen is represented as vulnerable, this is suggested by the verb 'dragged' which suggests that one has no choice in the matter. This follows the stereotype of a woman who is typically represented as timid/vulnerable and weak. 

The model follows the Male Gaze Theory as she is presented as if she is taking her clothes off, with lots of skin on show, she is representing herself as a sexual object. Looking over her shoulder with a seductive expression. 

Media Language→ celebrity as main image, masthead-'newspaper of the year', minimal amount of splash, right wing ideology- headline, tabloid conventions, football pullout, section on pullout. The newspaper uses bright colours to draw people's attention.

Daily Mirror- left- winged tabloid→'scandal'→ making the Queen look critical. 

Daily Telegraph- objectivity (no ideology) → being old-fashioned about the way they way they write their newspapers. 

Independent- the main headline just tells us facts about the Paradise Papers, there is no ideology that is being used and is the newspaper headline is being objective.

Online News→ elements of how to share the story→ comments that people have written about the story, positive/negative? → the online newspapers will get people interacting and responding about the news story. This is good for the newspapers, as they will be getting a wide range of audience.


The rich should not be held to account for, because the government let what the rich did happen. They did not let people in Britain store money there, so the only thing the rich could do was keep in other countries.

Social Participatory Media

The Guardian- followers- 6.92M  tweets- 395k
Daily Mail- followers- 2.15M  tweets- 222k

The reason why the Guardian has more followers that the Daily Mail is because, it has more than 30 separate channels for different segments, such as sports and politics.  

Ownership and Regulations

WHO OWNS WHAT?

How many organisations own national newspapers and do any companies own more than one title?

•  There are 7 organisations that own national newspapers, 6 of the companies own more than one title. The titles that each company owns are all linked together, for example, Daily Mail and General Trust, own the Mail and Mail on Sunday. 

Which companies own regional newspapers? 

• The company that owns regional newspapers, such as, the Leicester Mercury, is the Trinity Mirror plc. The Trinity Mirror plc is the largest British newspaper, magazine and digital publisher, after purchasing rival Local World for £220 million, in October 2015. It publishes 240 regional papers, as well as the national Daily Mirror, Sunday Mirror and People, and the Scottish Sunday Mail and Daily Record.

Ownership

The mail was originally a broadsheet, but it was then switched to a compact formal, in 1971. The paper has a circulation of around two million, which is the fourth largest circulation of any English language daily newspaper in the world. The Daily Mail, devised by Alfred Harmsworth (later Viscount Northcliffe) and his brother Harold (later Viscount Rothermere), was published on 4 May 1896. It was an immediate success. It was a cost halfpenny at a time when London dailies cost one penny, and was more populist in tone and more concise in its coverage than its rivals. The planned issue was 100,000 copies but the print run on the first day was 397,215 and additional printing facilities had to be acquired to sustain a circulation which rose to 500,000 in 1899. 



The Guardian, which was originally published as the Manchester Guardian, was founded in Manchester in 1821 by cotton merchant John Edward Taylor with backing from the Little Circle, a group of non-conformist businessmen. They launched their paper after the police closure of the one radicalManchester Observer, a paper that had championed the cause of the Peterloo Massacre protesters. The Guardian is part of the Guardian Media Group (GMG) of newspapers, radio stations and print media including; The Observer Sunday newspaper, the Guardian Weekly international newspaper, and new media—Guardian Abroad website, and guardian.co.uk. All aforementioned were owned by The Scott Trust, a charitable foundation existing between 1936 and 2008, which aimed to ensure the paper's editorial independence in perpetuity, maintaining its financial health to ensure it did not become vulnerable to take overs by for-profit media groups. At the beginning of October 2008, the Scott Trust's assets were transferred to a new limited company, The Scott Trust Limited, with the intention being that the original trust would be wound up. Dame Liz Forgan,  chair of the Scott Trust, reassured staff that the purposes of the new company remained the same as under the previous arrangements. 



The Sun is a tabloid newspaper published in the United Kingdom and Ireland. Since The Sun on Sunday was launched in February 2012, the paper has been a seven-day operation. As a broadcast, it was founded in 1964 as a successor to the Daily Herald; it became a tabloid in 1969 after it was purchased by its current owners. It was published by the News Group Newspapers division of News UK, itself a wholly owned subsidiary of Rupert Murdoch's News Corp. The Sun has the largest circulation of any daily newspaper in the United Kingdom, but in late 2013 slipped to second largest Saturday newspaper behind the Daily Mail. It had an average daily circulation of 2.2 million copies in March 2014. 

The Independent is a British online newspaper. Established in 1986 as an independent national morning newspaper published in London, it was controlled by Tony O'Reilly's Independent News and Media from 1997 until it was sold to Russian oligarch Alexander Lebedev in 2010. The last printed edition of The Independent was published Saturday 20 March 2016, leaving only its digital editions. Nicknamed the Indy. it began as a broadsheet, but changed to tabloid (compact) format in 2003. Until September 2011, the paper described itself on the banner at the top of every newspaper as "free from party political bias, free from proprietorial influences". It tends to take a pro-market stance on economic issues.

The impact of technological change on newspapers

Look at all of the UK news titles and research how the paywall is being used in an attempt to protect revenue and profits for these companies.

• All the online newspapers add a lot of different articles for people to read. They add things such as celebrities, sport and politics. They also add a range of images so that the readers are more drawn to the articles. By them having these articles online, they would make people want to buy the printed version as well. 

How do newspapers prompt readers to interact with their online news? Consider how they use social media to encourage reader participation.

• The media can influence people to read the newspaper online, such as on Twitter, Snapchat and Facebook. They do this by putting headlines that will catch people's eyes. With Facebook, people can share newspapers articles, so that all of the people that follow them can see it, and then some of those people might be intrigued with the article. 

Consider how you could apply Shirky's End of Audience Theories to online news products. 

• The content that is put into the news articles on the online news, can have an emotional connection to the reader. The news provide a platform for people to provide value for the readers. 

Media Language and Representation: Intertextuality- Big Issue Essay

Intertextuality- the shaping of a text's meaning by another text- literacy device that creates an 'interrelationship between texts' and generates related understanding in separate works. These references are made to influence the reader and add layers of depth to a text, based on the readers prior knowledge and understanding. 



The Big Issue uses references from a Swedish pop group called Abba from the 70s. They have the bodies of the members of Abba with the faces of Nicolas Sturgeon, David Cameron, Boris Johnson and Nigel Farage, who are well known members of Parliament. They included speech bubbles near the Parliament members' faces, which are lyrics of a song by Abba which is called 'Knowing me, Knowing You'. The Big Issue also added bold text, which says 'THE WINNER TAKES IT ALL', which is a song by the Swedish group Abba.
Nicolas Sturgeon- 'Breaking up is never easy, I know'.
David Cameron- 'Knowing me, knowing EU'- The Big Issue decided to make a pun about Brexit by adding 'EU', instead of 'You'.
Boris Johnson- 'This time we're through'.
Nigel Farage- 'Take a chan-chance'.

Comparing Editorial Comments

Similarities:

• small masthead
• column style- text based (no images)
• authoritative, persuasive tone 
• subheading = outlines opinion 
• based on current affairs 
• 2-3 different comment articles 

Differences:

• vocabulary range 
• Daily Mail audience- less intelligent people/ The Guardian audience- intelligent people
• Daily Mail- easy to read and easy to understand/ The Guardian- hard to read and difficult to understand what the writer is trying to inform the reader. 
• The Daily Mail- easy to persuade the reader/ The Guardian- might be hard to persuade the reader 
• Formal and opinionated

                         

Uses and Gratification theory- a popular approach to understanding mass communication. Audiences choose what type of media they would like to consume, which shows that they are active. Audiences are responsible for choosing media to meet their needs.

• Basic model- identify- being able to recognise the product or person in front of you, tole models that reflect similar values to yours. 
• Educate- being able to acquire information, knowledge and understanding. 
• Entertain- what you are consuming should give you enjoyment. 

                      

Representational issues surrounding "street life"

Corinne Bailey Rae- stop where you are (music video)


Bailey Rae was born in Leeds, West Yorkshire, England, to a Kittitian father and an English mother, as the oldest of three daughters, including her siblings, Candice Bailey and actress Rhea Bailey, who is in Coronation Street. Bailey Rae began her musical career at school, where she studied classical violin before she turned her attention to singing: "I started off singing in church, I suppose, but people think it must have been a gospel church because of the whole, you know, black assumption," she said in reference to her multi-racial background.

• Narrative- telling a story, about how you should enjoy your life, and how you should make the most of what you are and what you have. 
• Characters- teenage girl on the stairs, who looks isolated.  Group of girls, who look like they are part of a gang, the song says "stop, make the most of who you are".    Homeless man who is asking for money, then a man who is in a suit comes down and sits next to him and starts talking to him.   Man and dog, the man looks vicious, but when he goes around the corner with his dog he shows the audience a different side to him. A teenage boy, who looks like he is about to jump of a building but then he stops. A man with dreadlocks.  (Elements of poverty and aggression) 
• The woman who is singing, wears a bright red dress to make her stand out. This shows that she is the person who is going to help the people with their problems.
• Setting- concrete/grey, unattractive place to live, city/urban, monochrome 

Massive Attack- unfinished sympathy


Shara Nelson is a British singer and songwriter. She worked with Massive Attack in the early 1990s, and as a solo artist garnered five UK Top 40 hit singles. Her 1993 debut album, What Silence Knows, was shortlisted for the Mercury Music Prize.

• tracking shot- one woman walking through (down) a street, it is just one shot through the whole song. 
• Setting- urban- America?

Emeli Sande- heaven 


Adele Emily Sande, MBE, known professionally as Emeli Sandé, is a Scottish recording artist and songwriter. She first became prominent after she was featured on the track "Diamond Rings" by the rapper Chipmunk.

• Setting- urban city area (streets)-outside
• London-cut-sitting in a meadow/park
• Characters- one woman- residents from the setting
• close ups

News: Analysing the Language of Newspapers

Daily Mail
Houses ripped to shreds, power lines toppled, and 15 people dead: How Hurricane Maria left Dominica looking like an apocalyptic wasteland

The Guardian 

The US National Hurricane Center has downgraded Maria to a category 2 storm after it devastated Puerto Rico. The weather service cautioned that the hurricane could strengthen and again become a major hurricane by Thursday.

Title Sequence Pitch

WhO wE aRe  - storyboard 

EVALUATION QUESTION

1. In our title sequence we have used non-diegetic sound, such as, music to create a tense atmosphere. We cut from one shot to another, this abrupt transition changes the one and gives more depth to the video. We also add close ups to show the characters, which we do to intensify the scene by showing close ups of the people crying. 
2.  The genre of our TV Drama is a mix of drama and mystery. This is made clear in the title sequence because of how the characters are crying, and it makes the audience think about why they are crying. Also the way the characters are being suffocated by the hands, this makes the audience think that the TV Drama will be mysterious, because they are dying to know why there are hands suffocated the characters.
3. Our title sequence will occur at the very start of every episode, this is so that the audience get more intrigued every time they watch an episode. 

News: An Evolving Media Product

Daily Mail
Layout-  the Mail Online has a toolbar where readers can select what kind of newspaper article they would like to read, for example sport. The Mail Online always has a breaking news for reader to see when they come on to the page, it will have a few picture and maybe a video. At the bottom of the pictures there will be a description about the breaking news.
This is something the headline will say: BREAKING NEWS:Two RAF fighter jets are scrambled to escort Ryanair plane 'with a suspect package onboard' to Stansted.

Format- the Mail Online will have a little main story on the top left hand corner, below the breaking news article. Then there are different stories that the readers can clip on and read. On the right hand side of the page, there is a search tool for readers to search specific stories. Below that there is a 'don't miss' section, which is filled with different stories, which is more about celebrities.

The Guardian
Layout- the Guardian also has a toolbar like the Mail Online, where the reader can choose what kind of newspaper article they would like to read, for example politics. The Guardian have videos, for the reader who dot like to read and they have live videos which will be taken place at the time the reader is on the page. This newspaper is different to the Daily Mail because this newspaper has more text than the Mail Online.

Format- the Guardian has sections where there is news about different things, such as headlines, spotlight, sport, news from the UK and news from around the world. There is also a thing called the guardian jobs, where people can find jobs there.

TV Drama Conventions: The Title Sequence

Sense of unease, the music informs the movement of the type as the letterforms slide together to form the title. The Stranger Things main title mimics an optical look which reflects the time period of the show, it also seems as if light is passing through the film, creating a lush haptic quality. 

Graphics: colours- red and black: which connotate danger and horror. 

while the letterforms slide together, we are shown the lead characters names, all the executive producers, the creators or the directors.

This title sequence is different to other ones. In this one there is a narrator telling us about the main character of the show, while the narrator is speaking there is music in the background, and this is the soundtrack of the show. It shows us the era that the TV Drama is set in, for example the men on the horses who are riding into battle with swords. At the end of the title sequence the narrator says "long may she reign", when he says 'reign' the title of show comes up with fire embers in the background and in front of the title.
Graphics: colours: red- blood and danger
There is fire which connotates with pain and death.