Radio 1 Breakfast- Audience

Categorisation...

• Audiences are categorised and measured by RAJAR- Radio Joint Audience Research.
• It is jointly owned by the BBC and the radio centre on behalf of the commercial sector.
• Subscriptions for the full service are expensive.

RQIV FRAMEWORK...

• REACH- the extent to which BBC services are used by the audience.
• QUALITY- measured in terms of audience perception of various aspects of the quality of programmes and channels.
• IMPACT- the extent to which BBC content delivers the BBC's public purposes.
• VALUE FOR MONEY- a consideration of performance alongside cost to to provide a perspective on cost-effectiveness.
• WEEKLY REACH- the number of people that listen to a station for at least five minutes in a given week.
• HOURS PER LISTENER- the average number of hours each listener spends listening to the station each week.
• The BBC aims to reflect a diverse young audience.
• Service license 2016.
• Representing the whole UK population.
• It's presenter line-up, music and content should reflect the audience it is targeting.
• Ethnic minorities. 
• Nine out of ten adults in the UK listen to the radio each week. 
• All BBC Radio reaches of 67% of adults each week and the BBC Network Radio.
• 25-34 years had declined in the listening to BBC.
• ABC1- listening to radio more- more content.
• C2DE-listening to radio less- entertainment.
• Unfair representation of gender.
• UK has increased by 1.6%.
• Wales has increased by 6%.
• England has increased by 2%.
• Scotland has increased by 2%.
• Northern Ireland has increased by 1.2%

Radio 1...

• 15-29 dropped by 3%.
• ABC1 dropped 3%.
• Black Asian Minority Ethnic (BAME)- increased.
• 30 is median of listeners.
• Hours per listening- all areas have decreased. 

REACHING AUDIENCE...

• People aged between 15-25 listen to just over 14 hours of radio per week last year. 
• Seven hours less than the average adults.
• OFCOM- Radio 1 is suffering because its core audience is turning away from live radio. 

Audience Interaction...

• Radio 1's remit is to entertain young listeners with a distinctive mix of contemporary music and speech. It's target audience is 15-29 years old. It should after:
• A range of new music.
• Support emerging artists- especially those from the UK.
• Provide a platform for live music.
• News, documentaries and advice campaigns should cover areas of relevance to young adults.
• Broadcast at least 40 new documentaries each year.
• Offer at least 2 major social action campaigns across daytime and online each year, together with a number of other initiatives. 

Radio 1 Breakfast- Institution

RADIO 1's BREAKFAST SHOW...

• 5 Million listeners a week
• Throwback Thursday/ competitions/BBC Events 
• Current as possible 
• Script breaking down what happens every ten minutes 
• Celebrities 
• 'hot food'- emergency ideas 
• briefing callers and special guests 
• groups in show- figuring the next show on the day before and they go through it in the morning.
• silly and fun- targeting a younger audience
• during the songs they are preparing the next link 
• not swearing- regulating- OFCOM 
• not promoting or advertising brands
• good vibes in the studio/ dysfunctional family 
• trust each other in the team- decisions need to be made quickly 
• production meeting-whatsapp group 
• institutional values of the BBC- inform, educate, and entertain
• music is chosen by music producers not the speakers 
• pick certain guests- new single - platform for celebrities to promote their new projects. 

The Jungle Book (2016): Homework Task

1. How did Disney successfully use cross-media promotion as part of the Jungle Book's marketing campaign? 

They used social media platforms such as Instagram, Facebook, Snapchat and Twitter. On Snapchat they had a filter that Snapchat users were able to to use it and it would turn their faces into Kaa, the snake, in the movie. The Jungle Book had a Super Bowl ad placement and a 3D preview in auditorium before the Star Wars movie. 

 2.To what extent were digital marketing techniques vital to The Jungle Book’s box office success? List the ways the film was exhibited (shown). 

Disney used several successful marketing strategies for their release of The Jungle Book, including partnering up with Facebook to create a touring virtual-reality experience and 360 -degree Facebook video emphasising the 'Avatar'- like world of the jungle. Word of mouth is a traditional marketing technique which is very effective, and social media is basically the modern version of that traditional technique. 

3. How did Disney’s strength as an institution enable the film to be exhibited in all these ways? (think about financial backing, use of 3D, marketing strength and vertical integration).

The film was released in the Dolby Vision format in Dolby Cinema in the United States, and is the first film to be released in Dolby Vision. The fact that Disney is big and well known company, it allowed allowed The Jungle Book to be shown in multiple ways by different genders and ages. Disney outsourced the production of 3D animated films in Pixar in 1991 because there was a lot of uncertainty around the potential of 3D animation. At the time it was not clear whether 3D animated films would be successful or at least as successful as 2D animated films. In addition, 2D animated capabilities were far more likely than 3D animated capabilities to generate a competitive advantage. 

 4. How did Disney attempt to broaden the audience for The Jungle Book? Was this successful?

In August, Jon Favreau bounded onto a 7,800- seat arena at a Disney fan convention and showed a sneak-pea footage of The Jungle Book 2016. He was on stage with three Jungle Book actors including Mowgli the man cub. At this convention there were thousands of movie posters that were hand out. This was the first marketing stunt for The Jungle Book which cost roughly $175 million  to make. 

 5. What is the difference between Copyright and Trademark?

While both offer intellectual property protection, they protect different types of assets. Copyright is geared toward literary and artistic works, such as books and videos. A trademark protects items that help define a company brand, such as it's logo. 

 6. What was Favreau’s approach to the remake? 

He wanted to take only the scenes that stuck out to him from The Jungle Book 1967 to  include in JB 16. This was due to the fact that he wanted JB 16 to be closely resembled to the book by Kipling. By doing this, the new film was much darker than the 1967 version and had elements that were more intended for an older audience rather than a younger audience. 

7. How did new digital technology impact on the production process (principally the use of CGI and previz)? 

What's interesting about the film is that they are telling an old story with new technology, and it's blend over into other aspects of film and promotion. They have an extremely sophisticated technological landscape that they were dealing with day to day as they created the film. Now, as they explore the means very which they share it with people, technology seemed like a very inherent part of the whole live action Jungle Book movie.

8. Explain how CGI works (re-watch video clips). Focus on blue screen and motion capture.

Designers create a series of computer-generated graphics. After the basic graphics are created, the next step is to bring them to life. To make the graphics look realistic,creators pay special attention to details such as texture, lighting and colour. In the Jungle Book the actor main actor who plays Mowgli the man cub, is put in a blue set that has moving components. The CGI characters are crew members dressed in blue so that they can be edited out, and they also have sensors on them so that when the animator are making the crew members into animals they will have a realistic sense of movement.  

9.  Were there any similarities between the 1967 and 2016 versions of the film in term of the production process?

The 1967 version was made completely out of cel animation and the 2016 version used some cel animation as well. The 2016 version used two of the songs from the original version which were, "Bare Necessities" and "I Wanna be Like You". Another similarities is that both movies used the same songwriters, the Sherman Brothers. 

Jungle Book 1967 v Jungle Book 2016

	The Jungle Book 1967	The Jungle Book 2016
Production & Technology	Directed by Wolfgang Reitherman          Produced by Walt Disney           Production company- Walt Disney Production           Traditional cell animation, pioneering the art of story-boarding and developing the use of the multiplane to create an early 3-D effect.          The drawings were based in the actors, their voices and their vocal personalities            Backgrounds were hand-painted- the exception of the waterfall, mostly consisting of footage of the Angel Falls in Venezuela            Sometimes scenery was both used in foreground and bottom and filmed with the multiplane camera to create a notion of depth           Used xerography, coping the animation’s drawings onto a light-sensitive aluminium plate and the onto cells, unlike the old, painstaking hand-inking process, tracing them from paper drawing           Most of the songs were written by the Sherman Brothers, who had key core strength, they locked the action, and the viewers, into the characters.	Directed and co-produced by Jon Favreau        Written by Justin Marks          Production company- Walt Disney Pictures           Live-action           Seen on screen was produced using CGI- strange limbo between live-action and animation            All the animals and landscapes were created on computers, mostly by the British digital effects house MPC        The animals were deliberately created with a realistic look, and not in a cute and cuddly cartoon-style as with the original animated Jungle Book film, in order to target older movie-goers.         Included some of the original music from 1967 version partly in order to compete with the Warner version that was simultaneously in production.            The production process of the film was highly dependent on other companies, such as MPC, and so was not fully made in-house, as the original film had been.
Ownership, Marketing & Distribution	Walt Disney was personally at the centre of the most of the decision making in his company right from the time he set up the studios.        Disney’s own politics were rather conservative, right-winged and undoubtedly this affected the representations constructed within the film.        The film seemed to ignore the black civil rights movements of the 1960’s, as seen in the equating of black jazz music with the apish behaviour of the orang-utan, thereby reinforcing racial stereotypes.	The film was planned by Walt Disney Studios Chairman, Alan Horn, as one of the series of remakes of their classic properties.            Walt Disney Studios revived the classic film for a new generation of kids, and their already smitten parents who may be especially willing to shell out for related merchandise.            Sean Bailey credited the division’s escalating success rate to the silo system instituted by Disney chairman Bob Iger and managed by Alan Horn            Distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures            The film had social media accounts, such as Facebook, Twitter and Instagram. The accounts released teasers and making of photos and videos in the months before the theatrical release and kept up the promotion for the release on DVD and as downloads.
Regulation	The main regulatory issues relating to JB are Copyright and Classification or Certification.           The film, music, script, character design, performance, Disney logo, DVD cover design are all affected by the copyright in one way or another.          The US Copyright Amendment Act of 1998 gave protection for works published before January 1, 1978, increasing coverage works of ‘Corporate authorship’ by 20 years to a total of 95 years from their publication date.	Sex & Nudity- throughout the movie, the only thing the main character (Mowgli) wear is a loincloth.            Violence- there are scenes of fighting depicted between various animals in the film, where they are seen attacking and biting one another. Although these scenes are intense, they are depicted without any details of injury or bloodletting.           Alcohol, Drug s& Smoking- Mowgli looks at a human village from a distance. Against a background of blazing flames, people seem to be celebrating something. There are drinks in their hands but nothing is clearly visible.            Frightening & Intense Scenes- the film contains several scenes where characters face threatening situations and/or engage in fighting. For instance, there are scenes where the protagonist is being pursued or cornered by animals such as a tiger or a giant gigantopithecus.            The Jungle Book 2016 is a live-action/CGI update of Kipling's classic book of short stories that has many scary/intense scenes involving menacing wild animals.
Economics/Funding	N/A	JB 16 cost an estimate of $175 million to produce but opening with $103.6 million in North America, making it one of the biggest April debuts ever at the box office.           It grossed over $966 million, making it the fifth highest grossing film of 2016 and the 35th highest grossing film of all time.            The film was released in 70 countries, opening at different times depending on competition and school holiday dates.
Maintaining Audiences	Disney was highly aware of how to build and maintain audiences nationally and globally, from the shaping of the original product to appeal more to a family audience, the marketing and distribution by its own company and merchandising.	Highly developed corporate synergy            Disney products are themselves advertisements for Disney            Appeal to a wide range of age groups            49% over 25 years of age            51% under 25 years of age            18-24 lead to 33% of tickets sales            Widely over-performed            The movie is playing to not just the converted Disney female audiences, but to all demos            97% of the audience gave the film an A or B

Disney Timeline

Disney Timeline of key events

• 1923: Walt Disney signed a contract with M.J. Winkler to create a series of Alice Comedies. Walt and Roy Disney, as equal partners began the Disney company under 'Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio'. 1926: The company name changed to 'The Walt Disney Studio' after moving into a new studio.
• 1927: Oswald the Lucky Rabbit debuts.
• 1928: Walt loses the contract to the Oswald series. Walt and Roy create Mickey and Minnie Mouse. Mickey Mouse debuts and Steamboat Willie created (first sound synchronised cartoon).
• 1929: 'The Walt Disney Studio' replaced by 'Walt Disney Productions Ltd'. 3 more companies were also established. The Skeleton Dance cartoon created.
• 1930: Distribution moved to Columbia Pictures.
• 1932: Distribution moved from CP to United Artists. Flowers and Trees (first technicolor cartoon and animated short to win and award for Best Animated Short Film). Mickey's Revue, premiering Goofy ('Dippy Dawg').
• 1934: The Wise Little Hen - premiere of Donald Duck.
• 1936: Distribution moved from United Artists to RKO Radio Pictures.
• 1937: First feature film released: Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs.
• 1938: All Disney companies  now merged to create 'Walt Disney Productions'.
• 1940: Studio moves to California. Company goes public. Pinocchio and Fantasia movies created.
• 1941: Animators' strike. Studio creates morale boosting propaganda for the US during WWII.  Dumbo created. 
• 1942: Bambi created.
• 1943: Saludos Amigos created.
• 1944: Company short on money- theatrical release of Snow White generates revenue.
• 1945: The Three Caballeros created.
• 1946: Make Mine Music and Song of the South created.
• 1947: Fun and Fancy free created.
• 1948: True Life Adventures nature film (until 1960) begins. Melody Time and Seal Island created.
• 1949: Studio begins production on first all live movie: Treasure Island. The Adventures of Ichabod and Mr.Toad created. 
• 1950: Cinderella and Treasure Island produced. 
• 1951: Alice in Wonderland produced.
• 1953: WED Enterprises later own and operate several attractions inside Disneyland including the monorail and railroad. Programming deal with Paramount Theatres to fund itself. Peter Pan produced.
• 1954: Ends distribution with RKO Radio Pictures and founds Buena Vista Film Distribution Company Inc to distribute its feature films. 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea produced.
• 1955: Lady and the Tramp produced. Disneyland opens in California.
• 1957: Old Yeller produced.
• 1959: Sleeping Beauty, The Shaggy Dog produced.
• 1960: Pollyanna and Swiss Family Robinson produced.
• 1961: Purchases the film and merchandise rights to A.A Milne's Winnie the Pooh books which creates a huge source of revenue to this day.  101 Dalmatians and The Parent Trap produced.
• 1963: The Sword in the Stone produced. Walt Disney's Enchanted Tiki Room opens at Disneyland (first attraction to feature audio animatronics).
• 1964: Mary Poppins produced.
• 1965: Disney News begins publication.
• 1966: Walt diagnosed with lung cancer and died December 15th. Winnie the Pooh and the Honey Tree produced.
• 1967: Construction begins on Walt Disney World Resort in Orlando, Florida. The Jungle Book produced. Pirates of the Caribbean opens at Disneyland.
• 1969: Haunted Mansion opens at Disneyland.
• 1970: The Aristocats produced. 
• 1971: Roy Oliver dies and Donn Tatum becomes chairman and Card Walker president. Eastern Airlines branded as 'Offical Airline of Walt Disney World'. Bedknobs and Broomsticks produced. Walt Disney World Resort opens.
• 1973: Robin Hood produced.
• 1974: Winnie the Pooh and Tigger Too produced.
• 1976: Freaky Friday and The Muppet Show produced.
• 1977: Walt's nephew Roy E. Disney resigns as a decline in overall product quality and manager issues. The Rescuers, Pete's Dragon and The Many Adventures of Winnie the Pooh produced.
• 1979: 13 animators leave Disney to found their own studio. The Back Hole (first PG rated Disney film) produced.
• 1981: Walt Disney's World on Ice produced by Feld Entertainment. The Fox and the Hound produced. First home video release of Dumbo.
• 1982: Coca Cola unsuccessfully tries to buyout Disney. Walt's son in law Ron.W.Miller succeeds Card Walker as CEO. Tron produced. Experimental Prototype Community Of Tomorrow center opens (EPCOT).
• 1983: Disney Channel begins. Live action studio renamed 'Walt Disney Pictures'. Mickey's Christmas Carol produced. Tokyo Disneyland opens in Japan.
• 1984: Michael Eisner (new CEO) and Frank Wells (president). Touchstone Films label created to produce films for more mature audiences. Splash, Tiger Town and Country produced.
• 1985: Touchstone Television is founded. Return to Oz produced. Home release of Pinocchio becomes best seller. Animation studio renamed 'Walt Disney Feature Animation'.
• 1986: Company name now 'The Walt Disney Company'. Teamed up with Studio Ghibli to distribute anime films internationally.
• 1987: First Disney store opens in California. Euro Disney project starts.
• 1988: Walt Disney Computer Software founded as a video game division. Who framed Roger Rabbit and Oliver & Company produced.
• 1989: The Little Mermaid, Turner & Hooch produced. Disney MGM Studios opens.
• 1991: First Disney Vacation Club Resorts opened in Walt Disney World. Beauty and the Beast produced.
• 1992: Aladdin produced. Euro Disney Resort opens (Paris).
• 1993: Winnie the Pooh merch outsells Mickey Mouse. The Nightmare before Christmas produced.
• 1994: Beauty and the Beast Broadway. Euro Disneyland now called Disneyland Paris. The Lion King, The Jungle Book produced.
• 1995: Michael Ovitz president. Disney Channel in UK and Ireland. DiC Entertainment part of Disney. Toy Story, Pocahontas produced.
• 1996: Parent company 'The Walt Disney Company'. Acquires Jumbo Pictures. The Hunchback of Notre Dame produced.
• 1997: Releases first DVDs. The Lion King Broadway. Hercules and George of the Jungle produced as well as multiple TV shows.
• 1998: Disney Cruise Line first ship. Toon Disney begins. Mulan and A Bug's Life produced. Animal Kingdom opens.
• 1999: Toy Story 2, Tarzan produced.
• 2000: Robert Iger becomes president. Disney shuts down Jumbo Pictures. The Tigger Movie, 102 Dalmatians produced. Disney sold DiC Entertainment.
• 2001: Disney buys Fox Family Network including Saban Entertainment which was changed to ABC Family. Monsters, Inc produced.  Disney California Adventure Park open.
• 2002: Walt Disney Studios Park opens. Lilo and Stitch produced. Disney releases Spirited Away in the US.
• 2003: Finding Nemo published. Pixar plans to seek a new distribution partner.
• 2004: Comcast makes an unsuccessful 66 billion bid for the company. The Incredibles produced. Disney buys The Muppets for 75m.
• 2005: CEO, Robert Iger. Disney purchased Pixar for 7 billion. Hong Kong Disneyland opens. Chicken Little produced.
• 2006: Disney acquired Pixar Animation Studios. Disney Cinemagic launched in the UK. Introduced its logo in Pirates of the Caribbean.
• 2007: Acquires Club Penguin. Drops Buena Vista brand from its division.
• 2008: Disney Store chain created. WALL-E and Bolt produced.
• 2009: Mickey Mouse's Voice Actor dies. Disney XD replaces Toon Disney. Distribution deal with DreamWorks. Acquires Marvel Entertainment.
• 2010: Sells Power Rangers for 100m. Lost rights to Digimon. Disney ends Hannah Montana.
• 2011: Licenses theme park rights to Avatar. Playhouse Disney rebrands to Disney Junior.
• 2012: Wreck it Ralph, Brave produced. Rich Ross resigns as chairman, replaced by Alan F.Horn.
• 2013: Frozen produced. Disney Cine magic replaced with Sky Movies Disney. Frozen became the highest grossing animated feature.
• 2014: Frozen wins Best Animated Feature. Acquired Maker Studios for 500m. Big Hero 6 produced.
• 2015: Big Hero 6 wins Best Animated Feature. Marvel studios reorganised under Walt Disney Studios. Cinderella produced.
• 2016: ABC family changed to Free form. Construction of Star Wars Land begins in Hollywood Studios. Dream Works ends its film distribution deal with Disney.
• 2017: Zootopia wins Best Animated Feature. Beauty and the Beast produced.
• 2018: Shuts down DisneyToon Studios. Comcast 65b cash counter to acquire the 21 Century Fox assets that Disney was set to purchase which then was counter bid and won by Disney with 71.3b.